Odayeri Ecopark Project
Odayeri, which is affiliated with Eyüpsultan Municipality, is a village within the borders of Istanbul, bordering the northern forests that still maintain its rural character. Upon the request of the Municipality, an Ecopark was designed to have different economic and ecological outcomes.
The goal of the project:
To revitalize the soil in the village's old pasture area, which has lost its productivity.
Increasing biodiversity through permaculture practices.
Creating controlled pastures and wetlands for animals.
To facilitate access to clean food for both villagers and those coming from outside the village, with community gardens, market areas and ecocafes where permaculture practices will be practiced.
To assist development by supporting villagers in the production of value-added, healthy products.
To raise awareness of city people on natural life, climate change, permaculture and clean food.
Land Survey and Analyzes:
The land was observed on site in an area of 50 decares, the soil structure was examined and the necessary laboratory tests were performed.
By examining the vegetation, information about local species was collected.
By using drone flight and technological infrastructure, a 3D model of the land was obtained and analyzes were made through programs.
(For more detailed information about the technological infrastructure and approach we use when designing healthy living spaces , see SYA Road Map
Land Survey
İ.HA Images
Odayeri Arazi Keşif
Approach to the Project:
The areas were determined in line with the land survey, needs program and analysis results.
As a basic approach, it is divided into two different parts.
In the designed area, Zones 0, 1 and 2 , which are the upper side of the main road axis, include social areas, education and workshop areas and community gardens. Zones 3 and 4 , located at the bottom of the road, include practices to revitalize the soil such as pastures, water ponds, and food forests.
In District 5 , the natural forest texture was preserved and suggested as areas where visitors could observe the forest layers formed in the natural process.
District Settlement
Concept Layout Plan
Preliminary Project (November-December 2020):
After the permaculture design was completed, a preliminary project study was carried out. In the preliminary project, the design and positioning of ecological structures, access lines, and detailed designs of the gardens were carried out.
Earthworks, December 2020
After the acceptance of the preliminary project, while the detail and application projects of the superstructure and infrastructure were being prepared, soil studies were carried out in the natural pasture area in the south.
Soil structure:
At the first observation, it was determined that the topsoil was very dense and the clay content was very high up to a depth of 30 cm. From the inspection pits opened, it was seen that the clay layer continued into the depths.
Natural Pastures and Food Forest Application at Lower Elevations:
During the establishment phase of the ecopark, we recommend that the natural pastures and food forest installation works at the lower elevations be completed in December 2020. (Since it is tree planting season)
To perform the applications in the image
For the soil improvement and pasture creation study in the open area between the ditches in the Lower Land, samples were taken and analyzed from this area with dense soil, seen below.
- Factors such as pH, conductivity, salt content, water saturation, lime, sand, clay and silt were analyzed.
Gray Water Harvesting
The gray water coming out of the kitchen and toilet sinks is first used to irrigate the hügelkultur garden, then to the northern windbreak ditch, and the remaining excess is transferred to the reed pond to be created in the pasture area in the north.
Rainwater Harvesting
Rainwater to be collected from building roofs is first collected in vertical water tanks in the northern parts of the buildings. After these water tanks are filled, the excess water is directed to the ponds in the pasture area. The plant beds on the south side of the ecocafe building were also designed as water tanks. Rainwater collected from the south side irrigates these plant beds and excess rainwater is directed to ponds in the pasture.
Ecopark Center
Ecopark consists of social areas where visitors can observe examples of permaculture and sustainable living practices and experience these practices in practice. The spaces here are designed to enable visitors to perceive the vision behind the Ecopark while having a pleasant and healthy time. Common features of all buildings: built with local and natural materials as much as possible (soil, clay, sand, straw, wood, stone…). Ecocafe and Activity buildings are designed with passive solar design principles.
Sustainability and Permaculture Examples, Application Area
Ecopark consists of social areas where visitors can observe examples of permaculture and sustainable living practices and experience these practices in practice. The spaces here are designed to enable visitors to perceive the vision behind the Ecopark while having a pleasant and healthy time. Common features of all buildings: built with local and natural materials as much as possible (soil, clay, sand, straw, wood, stone…). Ecocafe and Activity buildings are designed with passive solar design principles.
• Water retention and land water management (collecting rain and snow water, increasing the water retention capacity of the soil, storing water in natural ponds),
• Food forest, pasture samples
• Natural structures, passive solar structures
• Clean energy (production of electricity and hot water from the sun)
• Examples of effective natural gardening and food production
• Recycling (compost, mulch, biogas)
Ecocafe
The Ecocafe structure, designed with Passive Solar Building principles, consists of two parts: Cafe and Practice/training kitchen. The cafe section, where foods produced with natural and sustainable methods will be offered with seasonal menus, has been designed in a way that visitors sitting outside can also receive service in addition to the indoor section for 50 people. Practice/Training Kitchen located on the Eastern Front of the Building. It was designed with the capacity and infrastructure to provide training on principles such as natural food processing and storage.
Activity Building
It is the building where various training, activities and workshops can be held. It is to the right of the Ecopark and separated from the square by the Ecocafe. In this way, it becomes easier to carry out many different works at the same time in the ecopark.
Passive Solar Design
Passive Solar Design is a building design approach aimed at minimizing energy use by using the advantages of location, climate and materials. A well-designed passive solar structure reduces the energy spent on heating and cooling the structure through energy-efficient methods. The two main structures in the Ecopark, the Ecocafe and the Activity Building, were designed by taking these principles into account: building sections, positioning, use of materials, and placement of openings.
gardens
Compost Area
Compost production and storage areas similar to the photo below were planned so that the organic materials produced by the ecopark can be transformed into valuable compost fertilizer. There are compost areas at the edge of the service area in the north of the ecocafe and in the east corner of the community garden.
Energy Modeling of Buildings
Ecopark is an exemplary area of 'sustainable living in harmony with nature' and is also a demonstration area. One of the examples that will be explained to the public will be that ecological buildings that use solar energy correctly in summer and winter and use effective ventilation and heat insulation provide significant energy savings. The energy performances of the buildings were examined in the light of data on the projects of the buildings, mechanical design information, interior and exterior lighting systems, building exterior shell construction materials, and all energy-consuming equipment. Energy performance comparisons were made with typical reinforced concrete structures with similar areas and volumes.
Energy Analysis of Buildings
Energy efficiency analyzes performed:
• High performance building envelope
• Natural cooling with ventilation chimneys
• Natural heating with greenhouse design
• Natural and artificial shading elements
• Efficient lighting system
• Ground source heating and cooling system
• Energy efficient kitchen
Energy Analysis Results
The designed building provides 55% energy efficiency compared to a standard building. When solar panels are taken into account, energy savings increase to 75%. Energy consumption is calculated as 37 kWh/m² per year, total energy consumption is 18,353 kWh per year
planting
Transformation of Organic Waste
Organic waste from the kitchens is converted into composted fertilizer in the compost bins located in the service area in the north of the ecocafe building. Organic wastes from gardens and pasture areas (fruit/vegetable residues, leaves, herbs, ground tree branches, etc.) are converted into compost in the compost production area in the community garden, and the produced compost is used for the abundance of the gardens, food forest and plants in the pasture area.
Solar Energy
A solar water system was placed on the northern roof of the ecocafe building to produce hot water from the sun. It will be possible to produce an average of 9800 kilowatts of electricity per year with 20 solar photovoltaic panels of 400 watts to be placed on the southern roof of the ecocafe building. Similarly, a solar PV system can be installed on the south roof of the activity building and both systems together can meet most of the electricity needs of the farm.
Earth Energy - Heat Pump
A ground source heat pump system was considered for heating and cooling of the ecocafe. Thanks to the pipes that will be laid underground before the foundation construction of the buildings, the heat pump will benefit from the constant temperature of 10-12 degrees 2-3 meters below the ground in winter. In summer, fan coils inside the building will cool the building by drawing the heat inside the building and transferring it to the heat pump and then to the underground pipes and thus to the ground. In winter, thanks to the passive solar design, heat energy from the sun will be captured and stored on the south side of the building on sunny days, thus reducing the need for heating energy.
Engineering Analyzes and Designs
Electrical Design Details
Mechanical Design Details
Structural Design Details
Geodesic Dome Greenhouse
Greenhouses are important for food production to continue during the cold season. With its geodesic dome, it is a greenhouse that is both visually beautiful and functional.
3D Images of the Project
Greenhouses are important for food production to continue during the cold season. With its geodesic dome, it is a greenhouse that is both visually beautiful and functional.